{"id":15242997,"date":"2026-08-05T10:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-05T14:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/scientists-made-clocks-from-an-atomic-nucleus\/"},"modified":"2026-08-05T21:34:16","modified_gmt":"2026-08-06T01:34:16","slug":"scientists-made-clocks-from-an-atomic-nucleus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/scientists-made-clocks-from-an-atomic-nucleus\/","title":{"rendered":"Scientists made clocks from an atomic nucleus"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>For the first time, scientists have used an atomic nucleus as a clock.<\/p>\n<p>Clocks need to keep a steady rhythm. (Think of the swinging pendulum in a grandfather clock.) The new clocks are based on how light interacts with an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/scientists-say-nucleus\">atomic nucleus<\/a> \u2014 the collection of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/scientists-say-proton\">protons<\/a> and neutrons at the center of an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/scientists-say-atom\">atom<\/a>. This technique could allow scientists to make clocks that tick more precisely than any before.<\/p>\n<p>The world\u2019s most precise timepieces are already made using atoms. Existing atomic clocks rely on their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/scientists-say-electron\">electrons<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/nuclear-clock-atomic-most-precise-time-physics\">Clocks based on atomic nuclei<\/a> might perform even better. Now, two teams of scientists have finally made the first nuclear clocks.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"wp-block-sciencenews-inline-related-post alignleft\">\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/scientists-say-dark-matter\">Scientists Say: Dark matter<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/aside>\n<p>This tech is still at an early stage. So nuclear clocks don\u2019t yet tick more precisely than atomic clocks. But these new clocks can already test physics in novel ways.<\/p>\n<p>A research team used one of these clocks to search for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/lets-learn-about-dark-matter\">dark matter<\/a>. That\u2019s an unidentified substance that makes up much of the universe. The team describes <a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2606.04997v2\" rel=\"noopener\">its new clock<\/a> \u2014 and the search \u2014 in a paper submitted June 3 to arXiv.org. This nuclear clock didn\u2019t find any dark matter. But it seems to be more sensitive to some types than atomic clocks. In that search, \u201cwe\u2019re already outperforming all of the atomic clocks,\u201d reports Thorsten Schumm. He\u2019s a physicist on the project at Vienna University of Technology in Austria.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis is an outstanding result,\u201d says Victor Flambaum, who did not take part in the work. A theoretical physicist, he works at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia. The new feat should spur more progress, he says. \u201cThis is only the first step. [The] race for building super-accurate nuclear clocks just started.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>.cheat-sheet-cta {<br \/>\n  border: 1px solid #ffffff;<br \/>\n  margin-top: 20px;<br \/>\n  background-image: url(&#8220;https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2022\/12\/cta-module@2x-2048&#215;239-1.png&#8221;);<br \/>\n  padding: 10px;<br \/>\n  clear: both;<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group cheat-sheet-cta is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">Do you have a science question? We can help!<\/h2>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/forms.gle\/YbhPosFTMqjbSNnV7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Submit your question here<\/a>, and we might answer it an upcoming issue of&nbsp;<em>Science News Explores<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The clocks\u2019 laser \u2018pendulum\u2019<\/h2>\n<p>Nuclear clocks have the potential to weigh in on other weird physics, too. That\u2019s why they\u2019re \u201cone of the most actively pursued frontiers,\u201d says Shiqian Ding. He\u2019s a physicist at Tsinghua University in Beijing, China. Ding\u2019s team made a <a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2606.08870\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">nuclear clock based on a technology<\/a> similar to Schumm\u2019s. They described this second clock in a paper submitted June 7 to arXiv.org. (Neither paper has been peer reviewed.)<\/p>\n<p>Both clocks contain <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/scientists-say-crystal\">crystals<\/a> of calcium fluoride. Embedded in those crystals are atoms of thorium-229, a radioactive <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/scientists-say-isotope\">isotope<\/a>. That thorium is key. In the entire periodic table, it\u2019s the only element whose atomic nucleus can be used to make a clock.<\/p>\n<p>Scientists hit that thorium-229 with a laser. The wiggling electromagnetic waves of laser light acted like a clock\u2019s swinging pendulum. Thorium\u2019s role was to make sure that the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/scientists-say-frequency\">frequency<\/a> of those waves didn\u2019t change. This kept the \u201cticking\u201d of these clocks from slowing or speeding up.<\/p>\n<p>The way this works is based on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/quantum-world-mind-bogglingly-weird\">quantum physics<\/a>, the branch of science that describes atoms and similarly tiny stuff. According to quantum physics, a nucleus can hold only certain amounts of energy. That gives each nucleus a set of energy levels. A jump between two particular energy levels of a given atom always takes the same amount of energy.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"wp-block-sciencenews-inline-related-post alignleft\">\n<h4><a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/explainer-fundamental-forces-physics-gravity-electricity-magnetism-weak-strong\">Explainer: The fundamental forces<\/a><\/h4>\n<\/aside>\n<p>So the laser\u2019s frequency was locked to a jump between energy levels in the thorium nucleus. Only the right frequency of light will make that jump take place. Scientists used the jump to readjust the laser. They did this over and over to keep the ticks steady.<\/p>\n<p>Thorium-229 is the only atomic nucleus that has an energy jump of a size that will be initiated by a laser. So it\u2019s the only one that can be used to make a clock.<\/p>\n<p>Although scientists have previously gotten close to making nuclear clocks, this readjustment step had never been done before.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis was the final missing step before calling it an actual clock,\u201d says Lars von der Wense, who also was not involved with the research. A physicist, he works at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz in Germany. With improvements to lasers and crystals on the horizon, he says, nuclear-clock technology is expected to advance rapidly.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Improving on atomic clocks<\/h2>\n<p>Nuclear clocks have been hotly anticipated. Compared with atomic clocks, they\u2019re less sensitive to stray electromagnetic fields that can throw them off. And they can be made out of solid materials. The atoms in atomic clocks must be suspended in a cumbersome vacuum chamber. These traits have scientists hoping for more portable, robust clocks.<\/p>\n<p>And atomic nuclei respond to different forces than electrons. Electrons mainly are subject to electromagnetic forces. In contrast, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/explainer-fundamental-forces-physics-gravity-electricity-magnetism-weak-strong\">strong nuclear force<\/a> holds protons and neutrons together. That opens up new possibilities for study.<\/p>\n<p>Numbers called fundamental constants determine the relative strength of those forces. Comparisons of an atomic clock to a nuclear one could be used to check if those numbers really stay constant over time.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s been a long wait \u2014 almost a quarter century \u2014 since scientists first dreamt of a thorium nuclear clock. But \u201cI have always been optimistic about the success of this project,\u201d says Ekkehard Peik. He\u2019s a physicist at the National Metrology Institute in Braunschweig, Germany. Peik is one of the scientists who proposed the idea for such a clock and was a coauthor with Schumm on a paper describing the new clocks.<\/p>\n<p>After initially slow progress, researchers have made rapid advances in recent years. Now, Peik says, \u201ca great deal of interesting research \u2026 is only just beginning.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"inmi-source\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.snexplores.org\/article\/first-atomic-nuclear-clock\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Science \u2013 sciencenewsforstudents<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>These super high-tech timepieces use the chemical element thorium to keep time. And as the clocks improve, they could help solve some mysteries in physics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15242999,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[218],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15242997","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main.webp",800,450,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main-300x169.webp",300,169,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main-620x349.webp",620,349,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main-768x432.webp",768,432,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main.webp",800,450,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main.webp",800,450,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main.webp",800,450,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main.webp",800,450,false],"ignition_item":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main-670x446.webp",670,446,true],"ignition_item_lg":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main.webp",800,450,false],"ignition_article_media":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main-510x450.webp",510,450,true],"ignition_minicart_item":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main-160x160.webp",160,160,true],"profile_24":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main-24x24.webp",24,24,true],"profile_48":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main-48x48.webp",48,48,true],"profile_96":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main-96x96.webp",96,96,true],"profile_150":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main-150x150.webp",150,150,true],"profile_300":["https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/15242997-061026_ec_nuclearclock_main-300x300.webp",300,300,true]},"author_info":{"display_name":"news.iNthacity","author_link":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/author\/atombo\/"},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/articles\/science\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Science<\/a>","tag_info":"Science","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15242997","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15242997"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15242997\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15242998,"href":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15242997\/revisions\/15242998"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15242999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15242997"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15242997"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inthacity.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15242997"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}